Liam McKenna stood on a broad platform of economic reform, housing accessibility, and public asset repurposing, presenting an alternative to new consumer taxes as a means of addressing Guernsey's fiscal pressures.
On taxation, McKenna pledged to oppose the introduction of GST, which he characterised as a regressive burden on working families, and instead proposed pursuing a restructured corporate tax framework — including implementation of the OECD's Pillar II global minimum tax — to generate at least £30 million in additional annual revenue.
On housing, McKenna advanced several specific proposals. He called for a 12-month deadline for UK investors to divest from local market rental properties, with compulsory purchase powers applied to non-compliant cases. He also proposed developing the Castel Hospital site into affordable one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartments with resale price restrictions to maintain long-term accessibility for local buyers. Additionally, he pledged to repurpose King Edward VII Hospital as a care home or assisted living facility, and convert Duchess of Kent House into accommodation for nursing and healthcare key workers.
On energy, McKenna proposed strategic investment in tidal and wind power, citing Guernsey's tidal range as a significant untapped economic and environmental opportunity.
One body, each with its own meeting calendar on top of the States sittings.
Seats as listed on parliament.gg, checked 16 October 2026.
Voted or took a side on 96% of 337 recorded votes on propositions and amendments in the States chamber since the start of this States term — procedural motions count alongside substantive policy votes, and abstaining or being absent both count against the rate. Committee meetings are counted separately, below.
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Manifesto
Promises, and how they voted
2 of 8 promises kept on States votes, none broken, 1 mixed. Of the 5 with no testing vote, 1 is rated in progress on the public record and 4 outstanding.
One row per policy area. Open an area to see each promise, the recorded States votes that test it and whether this deputy voted to deliver. Where no recorded vote bears on a promise, an AI delivery verdict assesses progress against the public record.
Kept / voted to deliverBroken / voted againstNo recorded vote yetAbsent or abstained
Housing & Planning3 promises0 of 3 kept · 0 votes0 of 3 keptNo vote yet, delivery verdictNo vote yet: 3 not yet testedNo recorded vote yet
No recorded votedirectional
Repurpose Duchess of Kent House into key worker accommodation for nursing and healthcare staff.
“The Duchess of Kent House, located just a few hundred yards away, could be repurposed into essential accommodation for nursing and healthcare staff — an increasingly urgent need for our growing elderly population.”
HousingHealth And Care
No recorded vote - delivery verdictNot yet testedhigh confidence
No evidence emerged from any authoritative Guernsey source (gov.gg, parliament.gg, Guernsey Press, Bailiwick Express) that Deputy McKenna took any formal action after taking office in July 2025 to advance the repurposing of Duchess of Kent House into healthcare-staff accommodation. The building remained in active HSC operational use, with around 110–120 staff regularly using it for corporate and clinical-support functions as of December 2024; HSC's then-president described demolishing or converting it as a "waste of a current resource." A separate P&R plan to build 66 key-worker units on an adjacent greenfield was withdrawn in late 2024 after adverse planning advice, leaving the broader question of staff accommodation near PEH unresolved, and no new initiative specifically targeting Duchess of Kent House for conversion was reported in 2025 or 2026.
No recorded votespecific12-month transition period12-month transition period
Introduce a 12-month deadline for UK investors to sell local market rental properties, with compulsory purchase for non-compliance.
“I propose a 12-month transition period for UK investors to divest from local market rental properties. After this period, any non-compliant properties will be compulsorily purchased and returned to local ownership.”
HousingPopulation And Immigration
No recorded vote - delivery verdictNot yet testedhigh confidence
No evidence was found in any authoritative Guernsey source — gov.gg, parliament.gg, the Guernsey Press, or Bailiwick Express — of Deputy McKenna having introduced, proposed, or otherwise advanced a policy to require UK investors to divest from local market rental properties within 12 months under threat of compulsory purchase. McKenna was elected Vice-President of the Scrutiny Management Committee in September 2025 and appeared on the scrutiny panel that questioned the Housing Committee in March 2026, but solely in a scrutiny capacity; no legislative or policy motion related to this promise was surfaced. The States' housing policy activity in the same period focused on Open Market register reforms, landlord registration standards, and new tenancy frameworks — none of which addressed the specific UK-investor divestment mechanism McKenna proposed.
No recorded votespecific1, 2, and 3-bedroom apartments
Develop the Castel Hospital site into affordable 1-, 2- and 3-bedroom apartments with resale price restrictions for local people.
“The Castel Hospital site has immense potential for development into 1, 2, and 3-bedroom apartments — designed for local people, sold at affordable prices, and protected by resale price restrictions to ensure long-term accessibility.”
HousingPlanning And Development
No recorded vote - delivery verdictNot yet testedhigh confidence
Deputy McKenna was assigned to the Scrutiny Management Committee (as Vice-President, elected September 2025) rather than the Housing Committee, meaning he holds no executive role over the Castel Hospital site specifically. As of March 2026, the Housing Committee confirmed it had been discussing a phased development of the Castel Hospital site with officials, but the site remained in use by States staff and no planning application, feasibility study, or resale-price-restriction framework specific to McKenna's manifesto vision had been announced. The site was listed in the Housing Site Availability Framework (April 2026) without a unit allocation, and broader IDP planning designations confirmed affordable housing would be required there only in the longer term, with no delivery date set.
Health & Social Care1 promise0 of 1 kept · 0 votes0 of 1 keptNo vote yet, delivery verdictNo vote yet: 1 in progressNo recorded vote yet
No recorded votedirectional
Repurpose King Edward VII Hospital site into a care home or assisted living facility.
“King Edward VII Hospital presents an ideal location for a care home or assisted living facility, similar to Nouvelle Maraitaine. With L'Aumône surgery nearby, it offers excellent accessibility.”
Health And CarePlanning And Development
No recorded vote - delivery verdictIn progresshigh confidence
The States of Guernsey's Policy & Resources Committee announced in June 2025 (just before McKenna took office) a partnership with CI Healthcare to redevelop the western portion of the King Edward VII site into a 33-bed, privately funded care home, with completion targeted for late 2027. Initial planning permission to demolish a roadside building on Rue de la Perruque was subsequently granted to create parking and access for the future care home, and the site is being considered for reclassification as a 'Care Village' under the Island Development Plan review. Full planning permission for the main redevelopment remains outstanding, and the facility is not yet built, so the promise is clearly in progress but not delivered.
Economy, Tax & Cost of Living3 promises2 of 3 kept · 23 votes2 of 3 kept23 recorded votes20 to deliver · 1 against · 2 discounted
Keptdirectional
Oppose the introduction of GST.
“I have opposed a Goods and Services Tax (GST) for 5 years and nothing has changed to alter that view. GST is a regressive tax that inevitably rises, hitting working families and vulnerable islanders the hardest.”
Tax And GstPublic Finances
12 recorded votes test this promise
7 Pour · 5 Contre
02 Oct 2026✓Tax Reform 2026 Prop 1A (as inserted by A55) — Contre, voted to deliver20-19Carried▾
Motion put to the States: 1A To agree, notwithstanding Proposition 1, the following: i. to implement the package of tax reforms to make Guernsey and Alderney more financially sustainable as set out in sections 9 and 10 with the rates and thresholds as described in Appendix 7 in the first year of implementation SUBJECT TO the rates and thresholds progressing as follows: with effect from 24 months following the implementation of changes to Income Tax and Social Security contributions and the introduction of a GST: o Social Security contributions allowance: £12,600 (provisional*); o Higher rate of Income Tax threshold: £30,500 (provisional*); o Pre-emptive increase in pensions and other benefits: 0.6%; o Essentials Costs Relief Payment: set to reflect the estimated impact of a 4% GST on a basket of essential goods as described in Billet d’État No III of 2026; o GST: 4%; and, with effect from 48 months following the implementation of changes to Income Tax and Social Security contributions and the introduction of a GST: o Social Security contributions allowance: £13,000 (provisional*); o Higher rate of Income Tax threshold: £33,000 (provisional); o Pre-emptive increase in pensions and other benefits: 0.6%; o Essential Costs Relief Payment: set to reflect the estimated impact of a 5% GST on a basket of essential goods as described in Billet d’État No III of 2026; o GST: 5%. *monetary thresholds to be adjusted for inflation prior to implementation ii. with the Committee for Employment & Social Security to recommend to the States of Deliberation annually uprating: o the personal Income Tax allowance; o the Social Security contributions allowance; o the Higher Rate of Income Tax threshold; o the Essentials Cost Relief Payment; and o the rates of the States Pension, Income Support and any other impacted benefits by a minimum of RPIX to ensure that the real value after inflation of the protection incorporated in the package of reform is maintained.”. iii. to include within the Fiscal Policy Framework a fiscal rule that GST shall not exceed 5%.
Voting Contre delivers this
Proposition 1A implements the GST package subject to conditions; Pour proceeds with GST.
02 Oct 2026✓Tax Reform 2026 Prop 1 (amended by A16 & A52 & A55 & A58) — Contre, voted to deliver22-17Carried▾
Motion put to the States: Whether, after consideration of the Policy Letter ''Tax Reform 2026'' dated 8 June 2026, they are of the opinion: 1. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to implement the package of tax reforms to make Guernsey and Alderney more financially sustainable as set out in sections 9 and 10 with the rates and thresholds as described in Appendix 7, save that, in relation to GST, food produced or grown by small independent suppliers is to be taxed at a rate of 0% and not at 3%, and with the following clarifications, and subject to the following: A) the Policy & Resources Committee, working with the Committee for Employment & Social Security, shall not bring GST into operation unless: i. the associated personal income tax and social security contribution mitigations are in force and operational, and are being applied through the relevant deduction, collection and assessment arrangements, before GST becomes chargeable; ii. the approved GST-related increases in the States Pension, income support and other benefits have taken effect, with payments at the increased rates commencing before GST becomes chargeable; and iii. the Essential Costs Relief Payment arrangements are in force and operational; for the purpose of this Proposition, an intention to apply relief retrospectively, make compensatory payments later or complete the necessary systems after GST has commenced shall not constitute implementation of the Mitigation Measures; b) the Policy & Resources Committee: i. shall defer the commencement of GST where any of the conditions in this Proposition 1(a) cannot be met; ii. shall revise the implementation timetable so that those conditions are met, including any necessary alignment with the commencement of a tax or contribution year; and iii. shall report promptly to the States on the reason for the delay, its financial implications and the revised timetable; c) no authority otherwise given under this item shall permit GST to commence in advance of compliance with those conditions; d) the Policy & Resources Committee and the Committee for Employment & Social Security, before any instrument bringing GST into operation is made or submitted for approval, shall publish a joint implementation assurance report: i. identifying each Mitigation Measure, its commencement date and the date from which its financial effect will be delivered; ii. setting out the evidence that the necessary legislation, staffing, systems, payroll interfaces, assessment arrangements and payment processes are ready to deliver the measures in accordance with this Proposition; and iii. identifying any outstanding implementation risks and explaining how those risks have been addressed, including the arrangements for receiving and determining Essential Costs Relief Payment Claims; e) where compliance depends upon an event occurring after publication of that report, the Committees shall publish confirmation that the event has occurred before GST becomes chargeable, if the conditions cannot be met, the terms under this proposition at 1(b) shall apply notwithstanding any commencement date previously appointed; f) the legislation implementing GST shall give effect to these commencement conditions and shall not confer power to dispense with them by administrative decision; and
Voting Contre delivers this
Main Tax Reform proposition directs implementation of the package including GST; Contre opposes GST.
01 Oct 2026✓Amendment 55 — Contre, voted to deliver21-16Carried▾
Motion put to the States: 1. To substitute in Proposition 1 the word “and” for the full stop and to insert, immediately after Proposition 1, the following additional Proposition: “1A To agree, notwithstanding Proposition 1, the following: i. to implement the package of tax reforms to make Guernsey and Alderney more financially sustainable as set out in sections 9 and 10 with the rates and thresholds as described in Appendix 7 in the first year of implementation SUBJECT TO the rates and thresholds progressing as follows: with effect from 24 months following the implementation of changes to Income Tax and Social Security contributions and the introduction of a GST: o Social Security contributions allowance: £12,600 (provisional*); o Higher rate of Income Tax threshold: £30,500 (provisional*); o Pre-emptive increase in pensions and other benefits: 0.6%; o Essentials Costs Relief Payment: set to reflect the estimated impact of a 4% GST on a basket of essential goods as described in Billet d’État No III of 2026; o GST: 4%; and, with effect from 48 months following the implementation of changes to Income Tax and Social Security contributions and the introduction of a GST: o Social Security contributions allowance: £13,000 (provisional*); o Higher rate of Income Tax threshold: £33,000 (provisional); o Pre-emptive increase in pensions and other benefits: 0.6%; o Essential Costs Relief Payment: set to reflect the estimated impact of a 5% GST on a basket of essential goods as described in Billet d’État No III of 2026; o GST: 5%. *monetary thresholds to be adjusted for inflation prior to implementation ii. with the Committee for Employment & Social Security to recommend to the States of Deliberation annually uprating: o the personal Income Tax allowance; o the Social Security contributions allowance; o the Higher Rate of Income Tax threshold; o the Essentials Cost Relief Payment; and o the rates of the States Pension, Income Support and any other impacted benefits by a minimum of RPIX to ensure that the real value after inflation of the protection incorporated in the package of reform is maintained.”. iii. to include within the Fiscal Policy Framework a fiscal rule that GST shall not exceed 5%. 2. To delete Proposition 3 and replace it with: “To direct that before any increase in the rate of GST from 3% to 4%, or from 4% to 5% shall take effect, the Policy & Resources Committee shall publish an assurance review from the independent Fiscal Policy Panel affirming that in the Panel’s opinion the increase is consistent with the Fiscal Policy Framework and is necessary and appropriate having regard to the island’s fiscal, economic and inflationary environment and the impact of economic conditions and the proposed increase on lower- and middle income households. In the event that the Fiscal Policy Panel’s assurance review concludes that the scheduled increase in the rate of GST does not satisfy the requirements herein, the scheduled increase shall not take effect and shall instead be deferred for at least 12 months until the Panel concludes that the requirements have been met.”. 3. In Proposition 4, to insert after the words “to give effect to the above decisions” the following: “, and to direct that such legislation include provision requiring that any resolution to approve legislation that seeks to vary or repeal the legislative protections referred to in paragraph 10.4, and outlined in Resolution I. 2 of Billet d’État No III of 2026 made on the 26th February 2026, shall be deemed to have carried only if not less than two-thirds of the Members present vote in favour.”. 4. To insert an additional Proposition: “To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to take all such steps as are necessary to ensure that the States are provided with the opportunity to consider in the 2028 Budget Report options for an additional lifetime tax allowance (an Additional Earnings Allowance) in respect of otherwise taxable earned income to incentivise younger earners to remain, return or establish in the island.”. 5. To insert an additional Proposition: “To direct the Policy & Resources Committee and the Committee for Housing to take all such steps as are necessary to ensure that the States are provided with the opportunity to consider in the 2028 Budget Report options to introduce a tax-free Guernsey Property Savings Account (GPSA) to incentivise and better enable saving by first-time buyers for the purposes of buying a home in Guernsey or Alderney.”. 6. To insert an additional Proposition: “To direct the inclusion within the scope of longer-term work (envisaged in Appendix 3 of the Tax Review Sub-committee’s report) an examination of the role of Social Security contributions in Guernsey’s revenue base.”. 7. To replace the additional proposition to be inserted by Amendment 24 with the following: “To direct the Policy & Resources Committee, in consultation with the Committee for Employment & Social Security, as part of the Government Work Plan Super Priority ‘Shape and Strengthen the Focus on Early Years and Families,’ to consider the re-introduction of child tax allowances or credits, alternative tax or Social Security measures, and existing measures including, but not limited to, Family Allowance, charge of child and dependent relative tax provisions, reporting as soon as practical to the States of Deliberation with recommendations which should include costed, targeted measures that most effectively support families with the costs of raising children.”.
Voting Contre delivers this
Amendment 55 inserts a proposition to implement the tax reform package including GST notwithstanding Prop 1; Pour advances GST.
30 Sept 2026·Amendment 48 — Contre, voted against, not counted as a breach5-33Lost▾
Motion put to the States: In Proposition 1 after “Appendix 7” insert the following: “, subject to replacing the proposed goods and services tax with an increase in the standard rate of income tax from 20 percent to a single rate at 22 percent, which increase is to be done as soon as practicable”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Replaces the proposed GST with a higher income tax rate; Pour removes GST, though by raising income tax.
Considered and set aside: voting this way is not clearly a breach of the promise. The deputy promised to oppose GST, and voting pour on this amendment would have removed GST from the budget proposition, but the amendment also mandated a specific alternative (a 2% income tax rise), meaning a vote against it could reflect opposition to that particular replacement mechanism rather than support for GST.
30 Sept 2026✓Sursis Motive — Pour, voted to deliver16-24Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To sursis the propositions until such time that the Chief Financial Officer has provided the States with a comprehensive report on the States financial position or 31st July 2028, whichever is earlier and to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to return the States with a tax reform package that does not include a goods and services tax.
Voting Pour delivers this
Sursis would require a tax reform package that does not include GST; Pour advances opposition to GST.
30 Sept 2026✓Amendment 45 — Pour, voted to deliver18-21Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To substitute in Proposition 1 the word “and” for the full stop and to insert, immediately after Proposition 1, the following additional Proposition: “1A. To direct, notwithstanding Proposition 1, the Policy & Resources Committee: a) not to continue with “the Reserved Measures”, so defined as: i. the introduction of a goods and services tax (“GST”) ii. the proposed International Services Entity arrangements insofar as those arrangements are dependent upon, or form part of, the introduction of GST; and iii. any reductions or restructuring of personal income tax, any associated payments, allowances or mitigations, which are intended to offset or redistribute the effects of GST; b) to continue with the development and implementation of the remainder of the tax reform package provided those measures are capable of proceeding independently of the Reserved Measures; c) to report to the States by October 2027 with regard to: i. the receipts from Pillar Two arrangements and the best available estimate of the recurring annual revenues arising from them; ii. recurring expenditure reductions and efficiencies which have been implemented, including but not limited to progress against the approximate £20 million assumption incorporated within the financial forecasts; iii. an updated assessment of the States’ financial position, including the General Revenue Reserve, investment performance, infrastructure requirements, financing commitments and debt-repayment obligations; iv. updated demographic, workforce and public service demand projections; v. progress in addressing the outstanding operational, staffing, systems and administrative issues within the Revenue Services, together with an assessment of its readiness to implement and administer any additional taxes; vi. updated implementation and administration costs associated with the Reserved Measures, including expenditure already incurred and any avoidable, unavoidable or abortive costs; and that the original propositions of this report shall not seek approval for the Reserved Measures; d) put not before the States any proposals in relations to the Reserved Measures until after the report outlined in 1A(c) has been considered by the States.”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Directs P&R not to continue with the 'Reserved Measures', which include the GST introduction; Pour advances opposing GST.
30 Sept 2026✓Amendment 54 — Pour, voted to deliver13-27Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete all propositions and insert: 1. To agree that consideration of the proposed Goods and Services Tax and the associated Income Tax and Social Security contribution reforms detailed in the Policy Letter shall be deferred until a further review of revenue-generation options has been conducted. 2. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to investigate the introduction of a tax on insurance premiums. 3. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to return to the States no later than March 2027 with its findings and proposals for the introduction of a tax on insurance premiums, alongside and as an alternative to the proposals for GST detailed in this Policy Letter.
Voting Pour delivers this
Defers GST consideration pending a review of other revenue options; Pour delays GST, which advances the promise only partially.
30 Sept 2026·Amendment 33 — Contre, voted against, not counted as a breach5-33Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete propositions 1, 2 and 3 and to substitute therefor: “1. To agree that the individual standard rate for income tax should be 22% for 2027 and 2028 and at 20% for 2029 and onwards. 2. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to investigate an increase to the Maximum liability on income for non-Guernsey sources (including Guernsey bank interest and income derived from Guernsey exempt investment schemes, which are non-resident for Guernsey tax purposes) and the maximum liability – worldwide income and to report back to the States via the Annual Budget for 2028.”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Deletes the GST-containing propositions and substitutes an income tax rate alternative; Pour removes GST from the package.
Considered and set aside: this motion does not bear on the promise. The motion concerns income tax rates and a directive to investigate maximum liability thresholds, which has no direct connection to the promise to oppose the introduction of GST.
17 Jul 2026✓Amendment 19 — Pour, voted to deliver7-30Lost▾
Motion put to the States: At the end of Proposition 1 insert the words “, subject to excluding the following: “a) the introduction of a goods and services tax; b) the changes to social security contributions; c) the introduction of new, and changes to, transport taxes”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Amendment would exclude GST introduction (plus SSC and transport tax changes) from the package; Pour advances opposing GST.
16 Jul 2026✓Amendment 2 — Pour, voted to deliver10-28Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete all propositions and to substitute therefor: “1.To agree a goods and services tax shall not be introduced, and: (i) to rescind Resolution I. 1B. and Resolution I. 1C. of Billet d’Etat No. XIX dated 14th October, 2024 made on 8th November 2024; and (ii) to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to cease all preparations for the introduction of any goods and services tax.”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Amendment states a GST shall not be introduced and rescinds the GST resolutions; Pour delivers the promise.
16 Jul 2026✓Amendment 14 — Pour, voted to deliver15-23Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete Propositions 1 to 3 and substitute therefor: “1.To agree that neither the proposed Goods and Services Tax nor the associated Income Tax and Social Security contribution reforms detailed in the Policy Letter shall be introduced as part of the Tax Reform Programme. 2.To agree that the proposed Transport Taxes shall proceed as set out in this Policy Letter at Paragraph 9.7 and as more specifically described therein. 3.To agree that the proposed Corporate Tax amendments shall proceed as set out in Paragraph 9.21 of this Policy Letter and as more specifically described therein, excepting that at the third bullet point of paragraph 9.21, the term “ISE” shall be substituted with “Corporate Levy” (and this substitution shall take effect wherever relevant). 4.To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to develop and bring before the States proposals, for implementation on the same timetable as the tax measures proposed in this Policy Letter where reasonably practicable, for the introduction of a Corporate Levy payable by registered Guernsey companies, having regard to the work previously undertaken by the Tax Review Sub-Committee, and including consideration of whether such levy should comprise: a fixed annual levy payable by each registered company; a levy differentiated according to the size or scale of the undertaking, including consideration of whether existing company classifications may provide an appropriate and proportionate basis for differentiation; or such other structure as the Committee considers best achieves the objectives of fairness, administrative simplicity and efficient revenue collection. 5.To direct the Committee for Economic Development, in consultation with the Policy & Resources Committee, to develop and bring before the States, on the same timetable where reasonably practicable, proposals for the introduction of a Visitor Levy in accordance with the extant States Resolution, with all revenues arising from such levy to be paid into the General Revenue Account and not hypothecated for expenditure by any particular Committee or industry sector. 6.To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to revise the implementation programme and associated implementation budget for Tax Reform to reflect the removal of the proposed Goods and Services Tax and associated Income Tax and Social Security contribution reforms, including the consequential reduction in implementation cost, implementation activity, systems development, staffing and administrative requirements. 7. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to return to the States with: 1. a revised implementation programme; 2. a revised implementation budget; 3. revised estimates of one-off implementation costs; 4. revised estimates of ongoing administration costs; 5. revised estimates of annual recurring revenues; and 6. revised staffing assumptions, reflecting the alternative package approved under this Proposition within a period that results in the States being capable of meeting the proposed implementation timetable as proposed within the Policy Letter. 8.To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to return to the States with an assurance review in 2030 as set out in section 12 of the Policy Letter, the scope of which shall be adjusted, where necessary, to take account of the removal of GST and Social Security measures from the package under these proposals and the application of those measures considered herein.”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Amendment says neither GST nor the associated reforms shall be introduced; Pour delivers opposition to GST.
26 Feb 2026✓Amendment 1 — Pour, voted to deliver5-31Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete all propositions and to substitute therefor: “1. To agree a goods and services tax shall not be introduced, and: (i) to rescind Resolution I. 1B. and Resolution I. 1C. of Billet d’Etat No. XIX dated 14th October, 2024 made on 8th November 2024; and (ii) to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to cease all preparations for the introduction of any goods and services tax.”. View this proposition's information page on gov.gg
Voting Pour delivers this
Amendment states GST shall not be introduced and rescinds earlier GST resolutions; Pour directly delivers opposition to GST.
Related votes (shown for context; too partial or indirect to count towards the score)
26 Feb 2026·Proposition 1b — Contre24-12Carried▾
Motion put to the States: b. (i) the Goods & Services Tax should be applied at a standard rate of 5%, andthat all foodstuffs should be subject to the tax at the standard rate; AND (ii)an Essentials Cost Relief Payment scheme should be implemented as outlined in Section 4, with the fixed payment set provisionally (subject to review as set out below) at £520 a year for a single adult or £860 a year for a couple, reflecting the estimated annual GST incurred by a household on Income Support; and that the responsibility and administering of this payment should be added to the mandate of the Committee for Employment & Social Security; and that the payment should be increased each January in line with Income Support rates, the value of the payment being fully reviewed in line with the minimum income standard whenever that exercise is repeated;
Motion adopts GST at a 5% standard rate including food; voting Pour introduces GST, so opposing it delivers the promise to oppose GST.
Motion put to the States: 3. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to give detailed consideration to the requirement for a two-thirds parliamentary majority to approve any future increase in the rate of GST, and present this for consideration by the States in the second quarter of 2026.
A safeguard on future GST rate rises within the GST package; a mitigation detail, not a test of opposing GST.
Shown as context only: the link to this promise is too weak to grade.
Motion put to the States: AND (IRRESPECTIVE OF THE STATES’ DECISION ON PROPOSITIONS 1b OR 1c) d. supplies sold by registered charities should be exempt from the Goods and Services Tax and that provision should be made to allow registered charities to reclaim the Goods and Services Tax incurred on supplies purchased as outlined in section 8; AND e. the proposed International Services Entity scheme should incorporate international insurance services and e-gaming activities; AND f. The application of all other exempt and zero-rated supplies should be as outlined in Section 8.
Charity exemption detail within the GST package; weak bearing on opposing GST itself.
Shown as context only: the link to this promise is too weak to grade.
Oppose introducing any new taxes, favouring a fairer restructuring of the existing tax system instead.
“Guernsey doesn't need new taxes — we need a fairer system.”
Tax And GstPublic Finances
8 recorded votes test this promise
5 Pour · 3 Contre
02 Oct 2026✓Tax Reform 2026 Prop 1 (amended by A16 & A52 & A55 & A58) — Contre, voted to deliver22-17Carried▾
Motion put to the States: Whether, after consideration of the Policy Letter ''Tax Reform 2026'' dated 8 June 2026, they are of the opinion: 1. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to implement the package of tax reforms to make Guernsey and Alderney more financially sustainable as set out in sections 9 and 10 with the rates and thresholds as described in Appendix 7, save that, in relation to GST, food produced or grown by small independent suppliers is to be taxed at a rate of 0% and not at 3%, and with the following clarifications, and subject to the following: A) the Policy & Resources Committee, working with the Committee for Employment & Social Security, shall not bring GST into operation unless: i. the associated personal income tax and social security contribution mitigations are in force and operational, and are being applied through the relevant deduction, collection and assessment arrangements, before GST becomes chargeable; ii. the approved GST-related increases in the States Pension, income support and other benefits have taken effect, with payments at the increased rates commencing before GST becomes chargeable; and iii. the Essential Costs Relief Payment arrangements are in force and operational; for the purpose of this Proposition, an intention to apply relief retrospectively, make compensatory payments later or complete the necessary systems after GST has commenced shall not constitute implementation of the Mitigation Measures; b) the Policy & Resources Committee: i. shall defer the commencement of GST where any of the conditions in this Proposition 1(a) cannot be met; ii. shall revise the implementation timetable so that those conditions are met, including any necessary alignment with the commencement of a tax or contribution year; and iii. shall report promptly to the States on the reason for the delay, its financial implications and the revised timetable; c) no authority otherwise given under this item shall permit GST to commence in advance of compliance with those conditions; d) the Policy & Resources Committee and the Committee for Employment & Social Security, before any instrument bringing GST into operation is made or submitted for approval, shall publish a joint implementation assurance report: i. identifying each Mitigation Measure, its commencement date and the date from which its financial effect will be delivered; ii. setting out the evidence that the necessary legislation, staffing, systems, payroll interfaces, assessment arrangements and payment processes are ready to deliver the measures in accordance with this Proposition; and iii. identifying any outstanding implementation risks and explaining how those risks have been addressed, including the arrangements for receiving and determining Essential Costs Relief Payment Claims; e) where compliance depends upon an event occurring after publication of that report, the Committees shall publish confirmation that the event has occurred before GST becomes chargeable, if the conditions cannot be met, the terms under this proposition at 1(b) shall apply notwithstanding any commencement date previously appointed; f) the legislation implementing GST shall give effect to these commencement conditions and shall not confer power to dispense with them by administrative decision; and
Voting Contre delivers this
The package introduces GST and transport taxes (new taxes); Contre is consistent with opposing new taxes.
01 Oct 2026✓Amendment 30 — Contre, voted to deliver31-3Carried▾
Motion put to the States: To insert an additional proposition as follows: ''SHOULD PROPOSITION 1 NOT CARRY To agree to implement the transport taxes as set out in sections 9.7 - 9.13 with the rates as described in Appendix 7. (A7.4 - A7.8)''.
Voting Contre delivers this
Commits to implement new transport taxes if the main package fails; Pour introduces new taxes.
17 Jul 2026✓Amendment 19 — Pour, voted to deliver7-30Lost▾
Motion put to the States: At the end of Proposition 1 insert the words “, subject to excluding the following: “a) the introduction of a goods and services tax; b) the changes to social security contributions; c) the introduction of new, and changes to, transport taxes”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Excludes GST and new transport taxes from the reform package, in line with opposing new taxes.
16 Jul 2026✓Amendment 14 — Pour, voted to deliver15-23Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete Propositions 1 to 3 and substitute therefor: “1.To agree that neither the proposed Goods and Services Tax nor the associated Income Tax and Social Security contribution reforms detailed in the Policy Letter shall be introduced as part of the Tax Reform Programme. 2.To agree that the proposed Transport Taxes shall proceed as set out in this Policy Letter at Paragraph 9.7 and as more specifically described therein. 3.To agree that the proposed Corporate Tax amendments shall proceed as set out in Paragraph 9.21 of this Policy Letter and as more specifically described therein, excepting that at the third bullet point of paragraph 9.21, the term “ISE” shall be substituted with “Corporate Levy” (and this substitution shall take effect wherever relevant). 4.To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to develop and bring before the States proposals, for implementation on the same timetable as the tax measures proposed in this Policy Letter where reasonably practicable, for the introduction of a Corporate Levy payable by registered Guernsey companies, having regard to the work previously undertaken by the Tax Review Sub-Committee, and including consideration of whether such levy should comprise: a fixed annual levy payable by each registered company; a levy differentiated according to the size or scale of the undertaking, including consideration of whether existing company classifications may provide an appropriate and proportionate basis for differentiation; or such other structure as the Committee considers best achieves the objectives of fairness, administrative simplicity and efficient revenue collection. 5.To direct the Committee for Economic Development, in consultation with the Policy & Resources Committee, to develop and bring before the States, on the same timetable where reasonably practicable, proposals for the introduction of a Visitor Levy in accordance with the extant States Resolution, with all revenues arising from such levy to be paid into the General Revenue Account and not hypothecated for expenditure by any particular Committee or industry sector. 6.To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to revise the implementation programme and associated implementation budget for Tax Reform to reflect the removal of the proposed Goods and Services Tax and associated Income Tax and Social Security contribution reforms, including the consequential reduction in implementation cost, implementation activity, systems development, staffing and administrative requirements. 7. To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to return to the States with: 1. a revised implementation programme; 2. a revised implementation budget; 3. revised estimates of one-off implementation costs; 4. revised estimates of ongoing administration costs; 5. revised estimates of annual recurring revenues; and 6. revised staffing assumptions, reflecting the alternative package approved under this Proposition within a period that results in the States being capable of meeting the proposed implementation timetable as proposed within the Policy Letter. 8.To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to return to the States with an assurance review in 2030 as set out in section 12 of the Policy Letter, the scope of which shall be adjusted, where necessary, to take account of the removal of GST and Social Security measures from the package under these proposals and the application of those measures considered herein.”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Rejects GST and the transport taxes in the package, which are new taxes.
16 Jul 2026✓Amendment 2 — Pour, voted to deliver10-28Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete all propositions and to substitute therefor: “1.To agree a goods and services tax shall not be introduced, and: (i) to rescind Resolution I. 1B. and Resolution I. 1C. of Billet d’Etat No. XIX dated 14th October, 2024 made on 8th November 2024; and (ii) to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to cease all preparations for the introduction of any goods and services tax.”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Stopping GST, a new tax, aligns with opposing new taxes.
26 Feb 2026✓Proposition 1b — Contre, voted to deliver24-12Carried▾
Motion put to the States: b. (i) the Goods & Services Tax should be applied at a standard rate of 5%, andthat all foodstuffs should be subject to the tax at the standard rate; AND (ii)an Essentials Cost Relief Payment scheme should be implemented as outlined in Section 4, with the fixed payment set provisionally (subject to review as set out below) at £520 a year for a single adult or £860 a year for a couple, reflecting the estimated annual GST incurred by a household on Income Support; and that the responsibility and administering of this payment should be added to the mandate of the Committee for Employment & Social Security; and that the payment should be increased each January in line with Income Support rates, the value of the payment being fully reviewed in line with the minimum income standard whenever that exercise is repeated;
Voting Contre delivers this
GST at 5% is a brand-new tax, so voting Pour to adopt it works against opposing new taxes; Contre advances the promise.
26 Feb 2026✓Amendment 1 — Pour, voted to deliver5-31Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To delete all propositions and to substitute therefor: “1. To agree a goods and services tax shall not be introduced, and: (i) to rescind Resolution I. 1B. and Resolution I. 1C. of Billet d’Etat No. XIX dated 14th October, 2024 made on 8th November 2024; and (ii) to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to cease all preparations for the introduction of any goods and services tax.”. View this proposition's information page on gov.gg
Voting Pour delivers this
Blocking introduction of GST (a new tax) is consistent with opposing new taxes.
Related votes (shown for context; too partial or indirect to count towards the score)
02 Oct 2026·Amendment 43 — Contre29-7Carried▾
Motion put to the States: To insert an additional proposition as follows: “To agree in principle that a new Proportional Property Tax (PPT), based on property value, and Land Value Tax (LVT) based on the unimproved value of a parcel of land, should be investigated and to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to return to the States no later than June 2028 with proposals which should include consideration of: a) How property tax should be calculated and applied and whether there should be any exemptions; b) Whether a new tax should be applied in addition to or instead of Domestic Tax on Real Property; c) A mechanism to allow pensioners and low-income households to defer the payment of property taxes until the sale or the transfer of the property to a new owner; d) The potential to partly or fully replace Document Duty or for specified categories of property purchase, including: i) first-time buyers only, or ii) purchases of principal private residences only, or iii) for all residential purchases. e) The potential to partly fund an increase to the scale of the amount of interest paid that is allowable for Mortgage Income Tax Relief for Income Tax; f) A premium rate of Proportional Property Tax for second homes, unoccupied homes, and properties in foreign ownership; g) A banded or tiered mechanism to allow lower rates for residences at lower values.".
Agrees in principle to investigate new property and land taxes; only an investigation, so weak bearing.
Motion put to the States: To insert an additional proposition as follows: "To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to investigate the financial yield, legal framework and implementation mechanisms required to introduce a High-Value Document Duty (HVDD) on residential property transactions exceeding £2.5 million, structured on a marginal basis whereby progressive surcharges apply only to the portion of standard Document Duty attributable to each applicable property-value band, based on the framework set out in the Explanatory note, including the recommended surcharge rates of 25%, 50% and 75% as starting-point values; and to lay a comprehensive report before the States of Deliberation no later than June 2027 detailing the legislative, administrative and enforcement mechanisms required for its operation."
Investigation of a new High-Value Document Duty; investigation only, a new tax.
Motion put to the States: To insert an additional proposition as follows: "To direct the Policy & Resources Committees to investigate the financial yield and legal framework required to implement a Fair Contribution Levy (FCL) for households occupying residential properties within the top 10% of Tax on Real Property (TRP) values, establishing a minimum combined contribution of income tax and Social Security based on the combined contribution of a median resident household and scaled according to the property's TRP value relative to the median residential TRP value, with further details of the proposed framework set out in the Explanatory note; and to lay a comprehensive report before the States of Deliberation no later than June 2027 detailing the legislative, administrative and enforcement mechanisms required for its operation."
Investigation of a new Fair Contribution Levy on high-value households; investigation only.
05 Nov 2025·The States of Guernsey Annual Budget for 2026 — Pour36-2Carried▾
Motion put to the States: 15. To direct the Committee for the Environment & Infrastructure in consultation with the Policy & Resources Committee to implement an additional First Registration Duty charge for private high value vehicles during 2026.
Directs an additional first registration duty on high-value vehicles, a new charge.
Shown as context only: the link to this promise is too weak to grade.
Pursue a restructured corporate tax system, including Pillar II implementation, to generate at least £30 million in additional revenue.
“A restructured corporate tax system, where finance companies pay their fair share, is the sustainable solution we need. Treasury estimates already show the OECD's global tax deal (Pillar II) could generate at least £30 million in additional revenue.”
Tax And GstPublic FinancesEconomy And Business
3 recorded votes test this promise
2 Pour · 1 Contre
26 Feb 2026✓Amendment 2 — Contre, voted to deliver13-23Lost▾
Motion put to the States: To insert an additional proposition as follows: “5.To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to cease immediately all work on the introduction of any form of territorial corporation tax, including as part of the options being examined within the fundamental restructuring of Guernsey’s corporate tax regime, and to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to amend the Terms of Reference for the Tax Review Sub Committee by amending the first bullet-point under the heading “In scope” to read: “The taxation of company profits (specifically excluding a system of territorial corporate tax) having due regard to the need to maintain a tax system which is competitive, internationally acceptable and maintains tax neutrality;”.”. View this proposition's information page on gov.gg
Voting Contre delivers this
Would cease all work on territorial corporation tax within the corporate tax restructuring; Contre keeps corporate restructuring alive.
05 Nov 2025✓The States of Guernsey Annual Budget for 2026 — Pour, voted to deliver27-7Carried▾
Motion put to the States: 1. To insert an additional proposition as follows: “To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to explore whether the approach to revenue potential forecasting for the Pillar 2 Global Minimum Tax Model Rules used by the States of Jersey could be adopted by the States.”.
Voting Pour delivers this
Directs exploring revenue forecasting for Pillar 2 global minimum tax, supporting Pillar II revenue generation.
05 Nov 2025✓The States of Guernsey Annual Budget for 2026 — Pour, voted to deliver34-5Carried▾
Motion put to the States: To direct the Policy & Resources Committee to explore whether the approach to revenue potential forecasting for the Pillar 2 Global Minimum Tax Model Rules used by the States of Jersey could be adopted by the States.
Voting Pour delivers this
Same proposition on Pillar 2 revenue forecasting, supporting Pillar II-based revenue.
Related votes (shown for context; too partial or indirect to count towards the score)
05 Nov 2025·The States of Guernsey Annual Budget for 2026 — Pour39-0Carried▾
Motion put to the States: 5. To endorse the intention of the Policy & Resources Committee to continue previous workstreams to better understand the scale of accumulated untaxed, undistributed profits in Guernsey resident companies, to include consideration of incentivising earlier taxable distributions and any other mechanisms to increase revenues from this source of profits.
Continues work on taxing accumulated undistributed company profits, a corporate revenue measure, though not Pillar II itself.
Infrastructure & Environment1 promise0 of 1 kept · 0 votes0 of 1 keptNo vote yet, delivery verdictNo vote yet: 1 not yet testedNo recorded vote yet
No recorded votedirectional
Pursue strategic investment in tidal and wind renewable energy to create jobs and generate revenue.
“Guernsey's powerful 10-metre tides offer world-class potential for tidal energy development. A strategic investment in renewable energy—particularly tidal and wind—can create jobs, generate revenue, and drive innovation without burdening the taxpayer.”
Environment And ClimateEconomy And Business
No recorded vote - delivery verdictNot yet testedmedium confidence
Deputy McKenna was elected Vice-President of the Scrutiny Management Committee in September 2025, a scrutiny rather than executive role, and no evidence was found of him personally driving or contributing to any tidal or wind energy initiative since taking office. The broader offshore wind project in Guernsey is being progressed by a separate Offshore Wind Delivery Board (comprising Deputies Blin, Gabriel, and de Sausmarez) and was already underway before McKenna's election, with consultants Carbon Trust and PA Consulting funded for 2025–2026 work and a commercial Policy Letter targeted for December 2026. No tidal energy strategic investment specific to McKenna's promise was identified in any source.
Took a side on 96% of 337 recorded votes, tabled 10 amendments and attended 15 of 15 Scrutiny Management Committee meetings july 2025 to September 2026.
What this deputy has proposed, asked and turned up for, separate from the promise scorecard above.
Notable achievements
01
Elected Vice-President of the Scrutiny Management Committee. Source →
02
In the 2020-25 States, led a move to water down a requête he described as a "Trojan horse" intended to eventually replace the Bailiff with an elected speaker (July 2024). Source →
03
Opposed introduction of a Goods and Services Tax for five-plus years, including trying to force a referendum on GST in the 2026 tax debate. Source →
04
Resigned from the Guernsey Party to sit as an independent. Source →
10tabledAmendments6 never reached a vote · 4 other outcomes · most recent lodged 26 Oct 2026
26 Oct 2026
Amendment 23 · P.2026/82
The Assembly never reached it, so there is no Hansard record of it being moved. Led by Simon Vermeulen. Official filing →
Lodged, not moved
22 Sept 2026
Amendment 34 · P.2026/49
The Assembly never reached it, so there is no Hansard record of it being moved. Led by Rob Curgenven. Official filing →
Lodged, not moved
22 Sept 2026
Amendment 46 · P.2026/49
The Assembly never reached it, so there is no Hansard record of it being moved. Led by Rob Curgenven. Official filing →
Lodged, not moved
22 Sept 2026
Amendment 53 · P.2026/49
The Assembly never reached it, so there is no Hansard record of it being moved. Led by Rob Curgenven. Official filing →
Lodged, not moved
22 Sept 2026
Amendment 57 · P.2026/49
The Assembly never reached it, so there is no Hansard record of it being moved. Co-proposed by Simon Vermeulen. Official filing →
Lodged, not moved
3 Jul 2026
Amendment 2 · P.2026/49
Defeated on a recorded vote, Pour 10, Contre 28, Ne vote pas 2. Taken on 16 Jul 2026. Co-proposed by Simon Vermeulen. Official filing →
WordingTo delete all propositions and to substitute therefor:▾
To delete all propositions and to substitute therefor:
“1.To agree a goods and services tax shall not be introduced, and:
(i) to rescind Resolution I. 1B. and Resolution I. 1C. of Billet d’Etat No. XIX dated 14th October, 2024 made on 8th November 2024; and
(ii) to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to cease all preparations for the introduction of any goods and services tax.”.
Debated and defeated
3 Jul 2026
Amendment 3 · P.2026/49
Defeated on a recorded vote, Pour 14, Contre 25, Ne vote pas 0. Taken on 15 Jul 2026. Co-proposed by Simon Vermeulen. Official filing →
WordingTo delete the propositions and substitute therefor:▾
To delete the propositions and substitute therefor:
To direct the States Assembly and Constitution Committee to return to the States at its meeting on 21st October 2026 with arrangements for the holding (under the provisions of the relevant legislation) of a referendum on Tax reform.
To direct the Committee to agree that the question to be put to the electorate in the referendum shall be in a binary form along the following lines:
“Do you support the introduction of a GST (goods and services tax)? Yes or No.”.
Debated and defeated
2 Feb 2026
Amendment 1 · P.2026/7
Tax Reform: Workstream 1 - Amendment 1
Defeated on a recorded vote, Pour 5, Contre 31, Ne vote pas 1. Taken on 26 Feb 2026. Co-proposed by Simon Vermeulen. Official filing →
WordingTo delete all propositions and to substitute therefor:▾
To delete all propositions and to substitute therefor:
“1. To agree a goods and services tax shall not be introduced, and:
(i) to rescind Resolution I. 1B. and Resolution I. 1C. of Billet d’Etat No. XIX dated 14th October, 2024 made on 8th November 2024; and
(ii) to direct the Policy & Resources Committee to cease all preparations for the introduction of any goods and services tax.”.
Debated and defeated
27 Oct 2025
Amendment 2 · P.2025/121
The Assembly never reached it, so there is no Hansard record of it being moved. Led by Andy Sloan. Official filing →
Wording“In proposition 20, immediately after “Appendix V” insert the following:▾
“In proposition 20, immediately after “Appendix V” insert the following:
“, subject to the following amendment:
To delete the table on page 127 entitled Parliamentary Committees and replace with the following:
[See amendment download for table]
Lodged, not moved
27 Oct 2025
Amendment 3 · P.2025/121
Recorded vote: Pour 6, Contre 30, Ne vote pas 3. Taken on 4 Nov 2025. Led by Jayne Ozanne. Official filing →
WordingIn Proposition 8, immediately after “Ordinance of the States” insert "subject to the following amendments to section 2:▾
In Proposition 8, immediately after “Ordinance of the States” insert "subject to the following amendments to section 2:
in the table in paragraph 2:
in subparagraph (a), for "90.5p" substitute "88.8p";
in subparagraph (b), for "61.4p" substitute "60.3p";
in subparagraph (b), for "90.5p" substitute "88.8p”;
in subparagraph (c), for "90.5p" substitute "88.8p"; and
in subparagraph (d), for "60.5p" substitute "58.8p”;
and
in the table in paragraph 3: for "60.5p" substitute "58.8p””.
Debated and defeated
A record of what this deputy proposed, not of how they voted. It does not feed the kept-rate: an amendment the Assembly never reaches never produces a vote on its substance.
96%took a sideVotes in the States337 recorded votes this term. Latest 12, all on 22 Oct 2026: 8 Pour, 4 Contre
Open Market Housing Register (Guernsey) (Amendment) Law, 2026
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
Planning Exemptions for Dower & EV Chargers
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
Proposition 3
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
The Extension of the UK's Contracting Party Status to the International Convention for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas to the Bailiwick of Guernsey
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
States' Register of Contact Details (Guernsey and Alderney) Law (Amendment) Ordinance, 2026
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
Long-term Care Insurance (Amendment) (Guernsey) Law, 2026
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Contre
Amendment 1
22 Oct 2026 · lost
Contre
Legislative Changes to Enable Streamlining the Plan Making and Amendment Process
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
Rule 26(1) Motion (* P.2026/68 (as amended A1) )
22 Oct 2026 · lost
Contre
Rule 26(1) Motion (* P.2026/67 )
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Contre
Schedule for future States' business
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
Amendment 1
22 Oct 2026 · carried
Pour
The 12 most recent votes in the States of Deliberation’s electronic voting record, whether or not they relate to a manifesto promise.
100%15 of 15Committee meeting attendanceScrutiny Management Committee, july 2025 to September 2026 · Scrutiny Management Committee, via its Clerk
Guernsey stopped requiring committees to compile and publish member attendance in 2022, reasoning that electronic voting already showed who was present for each vote. These figures are not a published States dataset. Most are attendance records the Guernsey Press obtained from the States on request and published in full; Development & Planning Authority figures were compiled from the Authority’s own minutes at our request, Scrutiny Management Committee figures were supplied by its Clerk, and the Offshore Wind Delivery Board supplied its own record. See References for every source.
18 Bailiwick media mentions since July 2025, peaking at 8 a month in July 2026.
Every Bailiwick media article naming this deputy, month by month. Accented bars mark coverage spikes; hover or focus any month to see the stories behind it.
